( ∗ ) x > 0 (*)
x > 0 ( ∗ ) x > 0
Упростим неравенство, используя свойства логарифмов:
log 3 ( 81 x ) = log 3 81 + log 3 x = 4 + log 3 x \log_3(81x) = \log_381 + \log_3x = 4 + \log_3x log 3 ( 81 x ) = log 3 81 + log 3 x = 4 + log 3 x
log 3 x 8 = 8 log 3 x \log_3x^8 = 8\log_3x log 3 x 8 = 8 log 3 x
log 3 2 x − 16 = ( log 3 x − 4 ) ( log 3 x + 4 ) \log_3^2x - 16 = (\log_3x - 4)(\log_3x + 4) log 3 2 x − 16 = ( log 3 x − 4 ) ( log 3 x + 4 )
Обозначим t = log 3 x t = \log_3x t = log 3 x , тогда неравенство примет вид:
t + 4 t − 4 + t − 4 t + 4 ≥ 24 − 8 t ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) \frac{t + 4}{t - 4} + \frac{t - 4}{t + 4} \geq \frac{24 - 8t}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} t − 4 t + 4 + t + 4 t − 4 ≥ ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 24 − 8 t
Приведём левую часть к общему знаменателю:
( t + 4 ) 2 + ( t − 4 ) 2 ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ≥ 24 − 8 t ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) \frac{(t + 4)^2 + (t - 4)^2}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} \geq \frac{24 - 8t}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 2 + ( t − 4 ) 2 ≥ ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 24 − 8 t
t 2 + 8 t + 16 + t 2 − 8 t + 16 ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ≥ 24 − 8 t ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) \frac{t^2 + 8t + 16 + t^2 - 8t + 16}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} \geq \frac{24 - 8t}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) t 2 + 8 t + 16 + t 2 − 8 t + 16 ≥ ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 24 − 8 t
2 t 2 + 32 ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ≥ 24 − 8 t ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ⇔ 2 t 2 + 8 t + 8 ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ≥ 0 ⇔ ( t + 2 ) 2 ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ≥ 0 \frac{2t^2 + 32}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} \geq \frac{24 - 8t}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} \Leftrightarrow \frac{2t^2 + 8t + 8}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} \geq 0 \Leftrightarrow \frac{(t + 2)^2}{(t - 4)(t + 4)} \geq 0 ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 2 t 2 + 32 ≥ ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 24 − 8 t ⇔ ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) 2 t 2 + 8 t + 8 ≥ 0 ⇔ ( t − 4 ) ( t + 4 ) ( t + 2 ) 2 ≥ 0
Получаем совокупность:
[ t > 4 t < − 4 t = − 2 ⇔ [ log 3 x > 4 log 3 x < − 4 log 3 x = − 2 ⇔ [ log 3 x > log 3 81 log 3 x < log 3 1 81 log 3 x = log 3 1 9 ⇔ [ x > 81 x < 1 81 x = 1 9 \left[\begin{aligned}
&t > 4\\
&t < -4\\
&t = -2
\end{aligned}\right. \Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{aligned}
&\log_3x > 4\\
&\log_3x < -4\\
&\log_3x = -2
\end{aligned}\right. \Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{aligned}
&\log_3x > \log_381\\
&\log_3x < \log_3\tfrac{1}{81}\\
&\log_3x = \log_3\tfrac{1}{9}
\end{aligned}\right. \Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{aligned}
& x > 81\\
&x < \tfrac{1}{81}\\
& x = \tfrac{1}{9}
\end{aligned}\right. t > 4 t < − 4 t = − 2 ⇔ log 3 x > 4 log 3 x < − 4 log 3 x = − 2 ⇔ log 3 x > log 3 81 log 3 x < log 3 81 1 log 3 x = log 3 9 1 ⇔ x > 81 x < 81 1 x = 9 1
Учитывая ограничения ( ∗ ) (*) ( ∗ ) , получаем систему:
{ x > 0 [ x > 81 x < 1 81 x = 1 9 \begin{cases}
x > 0\\
\left[\begin{aligned}
& x > 81\\
&x < \tfrac{1}{81}\\
& x = \tfrac{1}{9}
\end{aligned}\right.
\end{cases} ⎩ ⎨ ⎧ x > 0 x > 81 x < 81 1 x = 9 1
Получаем ответ: x ∈ ( 0 ; 1 81 ) ∪ { 1 9 } ∪ ( 81 ; + ∞ ) x \in \left(0; \tfrac{1}{81}\right) \cup \left\{\tfrac{1}{9}\right\} \cup \left(81; +\infty\right) x ∈ ( 0 ; 81 1 ) ∪ { 9 1 } ∪ ( 81 ; + ∞ )
Ответ: x ∈ ( 0 ; 1 81 ) ∪ { 1 9 } ∪ ( 81 ; + ∞ ) x \in \left(0; \tfrac{1}{81}\right) \cup \left\{\tfrac{1}{9}\right\} \cup \left(81; +\infty\right) x ∈ ( 0 ; 81 1 ) ∪ { 9 1 } ∪ ( 81 ; + ∞ )